26 July 2007

February 2007 News

<>This month...
1) Air Force Upgrades Joint STARS Fleet To Enable Moving Target Engagements
2) Russia Has Provided Iran With Air Defense Missiles

3) Commercial Jet With Missile Defense Sys Departs L.A.

4) Fighter jet signals China's military advances

5) Navy Rushes Close Air Support Weapon to Iraq

6) Baghdad's Environment Threatens F-22

7) China's Asat Test Will Intensify U.S.-Chinese Faceoff in Space

8) Iran tests missiles in show of strength

1) Air Force Upgrades Joint STARS Fleet To Enable Moving Target Engagements
Defense Daily 01/17/2007
Author: Michael Sirak

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The Air Force has tasked Northrop Grumman [NOC] to upgrade its fleet of E-8C Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (Joint STARS) aircraft so that these platforms can provide precise, real-time tracking data to modified satellite-guided munitions to attack moving objects on land or water, the company announced earlier this week.

Under a $56.2 million contract announced on Monday, the company said it will add an Enhanced Land/Maritime Mode and Advanced Radar Mode (ARM) to the service's E-8C aircraft. These changes will allow the Joint STARS platforms to rapidly pass targeting coordinates to seekerless GPS-guidance-aided weapons like Boeing's Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM). With these GPS updates on the targets provided by the aircraft, these weapons, which are already effective against fixed and stationary objects, can hit fleeting vehicles, too, according to the company.

2) Russia Has Provided Iran With Air Defense Missiles

<>Associated Press Newswires 01/16/2007
Copyright 2006. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.
<>

MOSCOW
(AP)--Russia's defense minister said Tuesday that Moscow has sent air defense missiles to Iran, the first high-level confirmation their delivery took place despite U.S.

Sergei Ivanov didn't specify how many missile systems had been delivered, but a ministry official said not all the systems contracted for had been delivered.

"We have delivered short-range Tor-M1 missiles (SA-15) to Iran in accordance with the contract," Ivanov told reporters.

Ivanov's comments were the first official confirmation of the sale; previous reports had cited unnamed officials reporting the sale.

Ministry officials have previously said Moscow would supply 29 of the sophisticated missile systems to Iran under a $700 million contract signed in December 2005, according to Russian media reports

"If the Iranian leadership has a desire to purchase more defensive weapons, we would do that," Ivanov said, without elaborating. complaints.

3) Commercial Jet With Missile Defense Sys Departs L.A.

<>Associated Press Newswires 01/17/2007
Copyright 2006. The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.
<>

LOS ANGELES (AP)--An MD-10 cargo jet equipped with Northrop Grumman's (NOC) Guardian anti-missile system took off from Los Angeles International Airport on a commercial flight Tuesday, the company said.

The FedEx (FDX) flight marked the start of operational testing and evaluation of the laser system designed to defend against shoulder-fired anti-aircraft missiles during takeoffs and landings.

Adapted from military technology, Guardian is designed to detect a missile launch and then direct a laser to the seeker system on the head of the missile and disrupt its guidance signals. The laser is not visible and is eye-safe, the company said.

4) Fighter jet signals China's military advances

<>Christian Science Monitor 01/11/2007
Author: Peter Ford
(Copyright 2006) <>

BEIJING
- A sleek, swept-wing fighter-bomber dubbed the "Jian-10," unveiled here last week, is more than just another jet plane. It is China's calling card, announcing Beijing's arrival among the top ranks of military manufacturers.

Powered by Chinese engines and firing Chinese precision-guided missiles, the locally built Jian-10 has "allowed China to become the fourth country in the world" to have developed such a capability, "narrowing the gap with advanced nations," boasted Geng Ruguang, deputy general manager of the plane's manufacturer, Avic-I.

The latest fruit of a military modernization drive that has produced an indigenous Chinese nuclear attack submarine, early warning aircraft, frigates and destroyers, cruise missiles, and computerized command and control systems, the Jian-10 is "a decisive step by China toward becoming an aviation power," the official Xinhua news agency declared.

Theories differ as to why Beijing decided now to acknowledge the aircraft, but reports from China indicate J-10 operations are expanding and that the fighter has now been operating in proximity of the Taiwan Strait, suggesting the work-up phase is formally over. The initial J-10 regiment, the 44th Division, is actually based closer to India, in Yunnan province. Some observers suspect China may also be ready to push the J-10 onto the export market, although such efforts so far have focused on the JF-7.

5) Navy Rushes Close Air Support Weapon to Iraq

<>Aviation Week & Space Technology 01/29/2007
Author: Amy Butler
<>

The U.S. Navy will begin deliveries of a modified weapon designed to provide close air support to ground troops in urban areas in Iraq no later than March.

Its arrival will coincide with the small escalation in U.S. presence planned by President Bush and as soldiers turn their focus to securing the streets of Baghdad. The BLU-126/B, also called the Low Collateral Damage Bomb (LCDB), was a response to an urgent need from U.S. Central Command.

The service quietly but quickly conducted 10 live-fire tests of the LCDB in December after nearly a year of development. Capt. Mat Winter, director of the Navy's PMA-201, which oversees land-attack weapons development, says the modified BLU-111, a 500-lb. gravity bomb, produced "less than 10% of the current fragmentation pattern." The munition generally creates about 3,000 ft. of damage. The BLU-126/B will allow for safer air strikes "within blocks" of friendlies in Baghdad.

"It is nothing more than a BLU-111, 500-lb. bomb, with less high explosive in it," Winter says. Navy officials maintained the same flight characteristics of the BLU-111 by weighting the weapon to make up for the decreased explosive.

The first 48 units have been produced. Winter estimates the nonrecurring engineering cost was about $1 million. Modifications are being made to existing weapons already on contract, cutting down on the time needed to deliver. The weapon can be dropped by the AV-8B and F/A-18 family of fighters. It can also be mated with GPS or laser-guidance kits already available for the BLU-111.

The Navy's work coincides with longer term Air Force efforts to develop a new explosive fill for its 250-lb.-class Small-Diameter Bomb (SDB), with a goal of reducing damage to within 100 ft. of detonation (AW&ST Sept. 29, 2006, p. 46). The project began last year. Flight tests will begin this summer. Deliveries of the so-called Focused Lethality Munition aren't expected until April 2008.

The Air Force's approach is to design a new explosive fill that disintegrates the bomb casing, resulting in explosive pressure as a kill mechanism, while the Navy's weapon does create a blast fragmentation pattern.

Meanwhile, the Navy will release a request for proposals for its Moving Target Weapon (MTW), also called the Direct Attack Moving Target Capability, this spring. The modified off-the-shelf MTW will provide an interim capability to engage targets moving up to 40 mph.

6) Baghdad's Environment Threatens F-22

<>Aviation Week & Space Technology 01/29/2007
Author: David A. Fulghum
<>

The stealthy Raptor fighter and intelligence-gathering aircraft is ready for war, but probably not the war we've got, says Air Combat Command's chief, Gen. Ronald E. Keys.

Essential electronic surveillance systems may be too sensitive--overwhelmed by the density of U.S. and allied emitters--to be useful in the electronically polluted environment of Baghdad, the main focus of the new U.S. military surge.

"If war breaks out, I'm sending the F-22," Keys told Aviation Week & Space Technology last week. But not for operations in Iraq or Afghanistan. "I didn't buy the F-22 for Iraq. We're looking for what can sop up intelligence, reconnaissance and surveillance [ISR] in Iraq and Afghanistan. Is the investment [of sending the F-22] worth it? Is it a good idea or just an attractive idea? Will it complicate the air component commander's problems for no gain?"

Keys is not yet convinced and the interference problems are growing.
"Right now we get into situations where we jam against improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and it corrupts our radio traffic [and] some line-of-sight UAV operations," Keys says. "It's tough."

The intense jamming may degrade, perhaps blind, some key F-22 electronic surveillance sensors when operating around the capital city. But some F-22 supporters contend that prediction of the Raptors vulnerability is being overstated and its capabilities "are sophisticated enough" to ensure that it will still be a valuable intelligence-gathering platform, says a senior Air Force official.

Those with insight into the program say the problem is not in the F-22's capabilities, but that they've not yet tested the Raptor in such a dense environment and codified the necessary concept of operations and tactics . However, they point out that the aircraft's entire electronic surveillance capabilities can be fine-tuned during mission planning. "They can filter in the frequencies they don't want to work, eliminate those that are being jammed, specify scan rates and frequencies and how often they hop between them," says one specialist. "You can exquisitely tailor each mission."

Nonetheless, Keys is not yet convinced that there is enough added value to merit sending F-22s from their new, forward base in Okinawa to someplace in-theater--possibly Al Udeid AB, Qatar, where many allied intelligence aircraft are based.

7) China's ASAT Test Will Intensify U.S.-Chinese Face-off in Space

<>Aviation Week & Space Technology 01/22/2007
Author: Craig Covault
<>

China
's successful test of an anti-satellite (Asat) weapon means that the country has mastered key space sensor, tracking and other technologies important for advanced military space operations. China can now also use "space control" as a policy weapon to help project its growing power regionally and globally.

China performed the test Jan. 11 by destroying the aging Chinese Feng Yun 1C (FY-1C) weather satellite target at 537 mi. altitude. The attack was carried out with a kinetic kill vehicle launched by a small ballistic missile.

U.S. intelligence agencies calculated in advance that the Chinese were ready for the exercise and programmed American eavesdropping and space tracking sensors accordingly to obtain maximum information.

The White House confirmed the Aviation Week article Jan. 18 and warned China that its actions will carry ramifications. "We are concerned about it, and we've made it known," says Tony Snow, the White House spokesman.

"The U.S. believes China's development and testing of such weapons is inconsistent with the spirit of cooperation that both countries aspire to in the civil space area," said Gordon Johndroe, U.S. National Security Council spokesman. "We and other countries have expressed our concern to the Chinese regarding this action."

The revelation of the Asat test also sparked official condemnation or concern of the Chinese from the governments of Canada, Australia, Japan and South Korea.

The warning about ramifications comes as NASA and the Chinese space agency are continuing talks aimed at closer civil space collaboration. The Asat test will likely further undercut U.S.U.S. and China

But China's bold move will have greater impact on arguments by factions in the Defense Dept. and aerospace industry for increased U.S. spending on space surveillance and control measures. The Asat test will also likely spur formation of a more robust military strategy focused on China.

Many spacecraft operate in, or at least transit, the area of space where the attack occurred, and there are concerns that debris from the test could pose a hazard to these satellites. Air Force Space Command data show that when the kill vehicle impacted the target satellite, debris was ejected from the impact point at velocities of up to 1,400 mph. (2,000 fps.). government enthusiasm for such scientific space cooperation, at a time when the are debating military space policy at the United Nations.

8) Iran tests missiles in show of strength

<>Seattle Times 01/23/2007
Author: Ali Akbar Dareini / Associated Press (Copyright 2006)
<>

TEHRAN
, Iran -- Iran conducted missile tests Monday as its leadership stepped up warnings of a possible military confrontation with the U.S.

In another show of defiance, Tehran said it had barred 38 United Nations nuclear inspectors from entering the country, apparently in retaliation for a U.N. Security Council resolution last month imposing limited sanctions on Iran.

The drum-beating suggested Iran does not intend to back down in its standoff with the West.

It could also aim to rally the public behind the government and silence increasingly bold criticism at home of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's antagonism toward the United States.

Iran's leaders have touted the possibility of a U.S. attack since President Bush announced Jan. 9 the deployment of a second aircraft carrier to the Gulf region, a move U.S. officials have said is a show of strength directed at Iran.

Last month, the Security Council imposed limited trade sanctions on Iran over its refusal to cease uranium enrichment, a process that can produce fuel for nuclear energy or bombs.

The Iranian military Monday began five days of maneuvers near the northern city of Garmsar, about 60 miles southeast of Tehran, state television reported. The military tested its Zalzal-1 and Fajr-5 missiles, the report said.

The Zalzal-1, able to carry a 1,200-pound payload, has a range of 200 miles. That would put Iraq, U.S. bases in the Gulf and eastern Saudi Arabia in its range. The Fajr-5, with a 1,800-pound payload, has a range of 35 miles.